Is Monitoring Enough? Strategic Agent Selection For Stealthy Attack in Multi-Agent Discussions

Multi-agent discussions have been widely adopted, motivating growing efforts to develop attacks that expose their vulnerabilities. In this work, we study a practical yet largely unexplored attack scenario, the discussion-monitored scenario, where anomaly detectors continuously monitor inter-agent communications and block detected adversarial messages. Although existing attacks are effective without discussion monitoring, we show that they exhibit detectable patterns and largely fail under such monitoring constraints. But does this imply that monitoring alone is sufficient to secure multi-agent discussions? To answer this question, we develop a novel attack method explicitly tailored to the discussion-monitored scenario. Extensive experiments demonstrate that effective attacks remain possible even under continuous monitoring, indicating that monitoring alone does not eliminate adversarial risks.

DiffGraph: An Automated Agent-driven Model Merging Framework for In-the-Wild Text-to-Image Generation

The rapid growth of the text-to-image (T2I) community has fostered a thriving online ecosystem of expert models, which are variants of pretrained diffusion models specialized for diverse generative abilities. Yet, existing model merging methods remain limited in fully leveraging abundant online expert resources and still struggle to meet diverse in-the-wild user needs. We present DiffGraph, a novel agent-driven graph-based model merging framework, which automatically harnesses online experts and flexibly merges them for diverse user needs. Our DiffGraph constructs a scalable graph and organizes ever-expanding online experts within it through node registration and calibration. Then, DiffGraph dynamically activates specific subgraphs based on user needs, enabling flexible combinations of different experts to achieve user-desired generation. Extensive experiments show the efficacy of our method.

Generalized Hand-Object Pose Estimation with Occlusion Awareness

Generalized 3D hand-object pose estimation from a single RGB image remains challenging due to the large variations in object appearances and interaction patterns, especially under heavy occlusion. We propose GenHOI, a framework for generalized hand-object pose estimation with occlusion awareness. GenHOI integrates hierarchical semantic knowledge with hand priors to enhance model generalization under challenging occlusion conditions. Specifically, we introduce a hierarchical semantic prompt that encodes object states, hand configurations, and interaction patterns via textual descriptions. This enables the model to learn abstract high-level representations of hand-object interactions for generalization to unseen objects and novel interactions while compensating for missing or ambiguous visual cues. To enable robust occlusion reasoning, we adopt a multi-modal masked modeling strategy over RGB images, predicted point clouds, and textual descriptions. Moreover, we leverage hand priors as stable spatial references to extract implicit interaction constraints. This allows reliable pose inference even under significant variations in object shapes and interaction patterns. Extensive experiments on the challenging DexYCB and HO3Dv2 benchmarks demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance in hand-object pose estimation.

When Visual Privacy Protection Meets Multimodal Large Language Models

The emergence of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) and the widespread usage of MLLM cloud services such as GPT-4V raised great concerns about privacy leakage in visual data. As these models are typically deployed in cloud services, users are required to submit their images and videos, posing serious privacy risks. However, how to tackle such privacy concerns is an under-explored problem. Thus, in this paper, we aim to conduct a new investigation to protect visual privacy when enjoying the convenience brought by MLLM services. We address the practical case where the MLLM is a "black box", i.e., we only have access to its input and output without knowing its internal model information. To tackle such a challenging yet demanding problem, we propose a novel framework, in which we carefully design the learning objective with Pareto optimality to seek a better trade-off between visual privacy and MLLM's performance, and propose critical-history enhanced optimization to effectively optimize the framework with the black-box MLLM. Our experiments show that our method is effective on different benchmarks.

Learning to Generate Cross-Task Unexploitable Examples

Unexploitable example generation aims to transform personal images into their unexploitable (unlearnable) versions before they are uploaded online, thereby preventing unauthorized exploitation of online personal images. Recently, this task has garnered significant research attention due to its critical relevance to personal data privacy. Yet, despite recent progress, existing methods for this task can still suffer from limited practical applicability, as they can fail to generate examples that are broadly unexploitable across different real-world computer vision tasks. To deal with this problem, in this work, we propose a novel Meta Cross-Task Unexploitable Example Generation (MCT-UEG) framework. At the core of our framework, to optimize the unexploitable example generator for effectively producing broadly unexploitable examples, we design a flat-minima-oriented meta training and testing scheme. Extensive experiments show the efficacy of our framework.

DynaPURLS: Dynamic Refinement of Part-aware Representations for Skeleton-based Zero-Shot Action Recognition

Zero-shot skeleton-based action recognition (ZS-SAR) is fundamentally constrained by prevailing approaches that rely on aligning skeleton features with static, class-level semantics. This coarse-grained alignment fails to bridge the domain shift between seen and unseen classes, thereby impeding the effective transfer of fine-grained visual knowledge. To address these limitations, we introduce \textbf{DynaPURLS}, a unified framework that establishes robust, multi-scale visual-semantic correspondences and dynamically refines them at inference time to enhance generalization. Our framework leverages a large language model to generate hierarchical textual descriptions that encompass both global movements and local body-part dynamics. Concurrently, an adaptive partitioning module produces fine-grained visual representations by semantically grouping skeleton joints. To fortify this fine-grained alignment against the train-test domain shift, DynaPURLS incorporates a dynamic refinement module. During inference, this module adapts textual features to the incoming visual stream via a lightweight learnable projection. This refinement process is stabilized by a confidence-aware, class-balanced memory bank, which mitigates error propagation from noisy pseudo-labels. Extensive experiments on three large-scale benchmark datasets, including NTU RGB+D 60/120 and PKU-MMD, demonstrate that DynaPURLS significantly outperforms prior art, setting new state-of-the-art records. The source code is made publicly available at https://github.com/Alchemist0754/DynaPURLS

TSkel-Mamba: Temporal Dynamic Modeling via State Space Model for Human Skeleton-based Action Recognition

Skeleton-based action recognition has garnered significant attention in the computer vision community. Inspired by the recent success of the selective state-space model (SSM) Mamba in modeling 1D temporal sequences, we propose TSkel-Mamba, a hybrid Transformer-Mamba framework that effectively captures both spatial and temporal dynamics. In particular, our approach leverages Spatial Transformer for spatial feature learning while utilizing Mamba for temporal modeling. Mamba, however, employs separate SSM blocks for individual channels, which inherently limits its ability to model inter-channel dependencies. To better adapt Mamba for skeleton data and enhance Mamba`s ability to model temporal dependencies, we introduce a Temporal Dynamic Modeling (TDM) block, which is a versatile plug-and-play component that integrates a novel Multi-scale Temporal Interaction (MTI) module. The MTI module employs multi-scale Cycle operators to capture cross-channel temporal interactions, a critical factor in action recognition. Extensive experiments on NTU-RGB+D 60, NTU-RGB+D 120, NW-UCLA and UAV-Human datasets demonstrate that TSkel-Mamba achieves state-of-the-art performance while maintaining low inference time, making it both efficient and highly effective.

Boosting Skeleton-based Zero-Shot Action Recognition with Training-Free Test-Time Adaptation

We introduce Skeleton-Cache, the first training-free test-time adaptation framework for skeleton-based zero-shot action recognition (SZAR), aimed at improving model generalization to unseen actions during inference. Skeleton-Cache reformulates inference as a lightweight retrieval process over a non-parametric cache that stores structured skeleton representations, combining both global and fine-grained local descriptors. To guide the fusion of descriptor-wise predictions, we leverage the semantic reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to assign class-specific importance weights. By integrating these structured descriptors with LLM-guided semantic priors, Skeleton-Cache dynamically adapts to unseen actions without any additional training or access to training data. Extensive experiments on NTU RGB+D 60/120 and PKU-MMD II demonstrate that Skeleton-Cache consistently boosts the performance of various SZAR backbones under both zero-shot and generalized zero-shot settings. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/Alchemist0754/Skeleton-Cache.

LLM-based Agentic Reasoning Frameworks: A Survey from Methods to Scenarios

Recent advances in the intrinsic reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have given rise to LLM-based agent systems that exhibit near-human performance on a variety of automated tasks. However, although these systems share similarities in terms of their use of LLMs, different reasoning frameworks of the agent system steer and organize the reasoning process in different ways. In this survey, we propose a systematic taxonomy that decomposes agentic reasoning frameworks and analyze how these frameworks dominate framework-level reasoning by comparing their applications across different scenarios. Specifically, we propose an unified formal language to further classify agentic reasoning systems into single-agent methods, tool-based methods, and multi-agent methods. After that, we provide a comprehensive review of their key application scenarios in scientific discovery, healthcare, software engineering, social simulation, and economics. We also analyze the characteristic features of each framework and summarize different evaluation strategies. Our survey aims to provide the research community with a panoramic view to facilitate understanding of the strengths, suitable scenarios, and evaluation practices of different agentic reasoning frameworks.

TSTMotion: Training-free Scene-aware Text-to-motion Generation

Text-to-motion generation has recently garnered significant research interest, primarily focusing on generating human motion sequences in blank backgrounds. However, human motions commonly occur within diverse 3D scenes, which has prompted exploration into scene-aware text-to-motion generation methods. Yet, existing scene-aware methods often rely on large-scale ground-truth motion sequences in diverse 3D scenes, which poses practical challenges due to the expensive cost. To mitigate this challenge, we are the first to propose a \textbf{T}raining-free \textbf{S}cene-aware \textbf{T}ext-to-\textbf{Motion} framework, dubbed as \textbf{TSTMotion}, that efficiently empowers pre-trained blank-background motion generators with the scene-aware capability. Specifically, conditioned on the given 3D scene and text description, we adopt foundation models together to reason, predict and validate a scene-aware motion guidance. Then, the motion guidance is incorporated into the blank-background motion generators with two modifications, resulting in scene-aware text-driven motion sequences. Extensive experiments demonstrate the efficacy and generalizability of our proposed framework. We release our code in \href{https://tstmotion.github.io/}{Project Page}.