ProSR: Process-Shaped Spatial Reasoning for Reliable Chain-of-Thought in VLMs

Reliable spatial reasoning remains a core bottleneck for vision-language models (VLMs). Existing mainstream training paradigms for spatial reasoning largely rely on outcome alignment or process imitation, lacking explicit constraints on the reasoning process, and therefore struggle to ensure genuine visual dependence and stable reasoning trajectories. In this paper, we construct a high-quality CoT dataset covering diverse spatial phenomena and diagnose the model's reasoning process, revealing two typical types of process degradation during reinforcement learning optimization: Spurious Grounding, which bypasses visual evidence, and Tail Instability, where uncertainty abnormally rises in the later stage of reasoning. To address these issues, we propose ProSR, a process-shaping optimization framework for spatial reasoning. Through a Counterfactual Invariance Penalty and a Tail Drift Penalty, ProSR extends the optimization objective from single answer correctness to two process-level dimensions: visual dependence and trajectory stability. Experiments on multiple complex and out-of-distribution spatial reasoning benchmarks show that ProSR improves answer accuracy while generating reasoning trajectories that are more stable and more dependent on visual evidence.

Dance Across Shifts: Forward-Facilitation Continual Test-Time Adaptation through Dynamic Style Bridging

Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) aims to empower perception systems to handle dynamic distribution shifts encountered after deployment. Existing methods predominantly follow a backward-alignment paradigm, which rigidly aligns incoming data with supervisory surrogates derived from the source domain. Consequently, they struggle with unreliable supervision and evolving distribution shifts. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a novel forward-facilitation paradigm through a method termed Dynamic Style Bridging. Prior to deployment, we construct a compact knowledge base of generated class exemplars. During test time, to mitigate inherent generative bias and adapt these proxies to incoming data, we propose a multi-level bridging mechanism. This mechanism dynamically injects the proxies with incoming data styles at the input, statistical, and representation levels, while preserving the original semantics of the proxies. These high-fidelity proxies are then used to provide reliable, on-demand supervisory signals, enabling stable adaptation under continual shifts. Extensive experiments across standard CTTA benchmarks demonstrate that our method achieves consistent and substantial improvements over recent state-of-the-art approaches. Code is available at \href{https://github.com/z1358/DAS}.

Beyond World-Frame Action Heads: Motion-Centric Action Frames for Vision-Language-Action Models

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have advanced rapidly with stronger backbones, broader pre-training, and larger demonstration datasets, yet their action heads remain largely homogeneous: most directly predict action commands in a fixed world coordinate frame. We propose \textbf{MCF-Proto}, a lightweight action head that equips VLA policies with a Motion-Centric Action Frame (MCF) and a prototype-based action parameterization. At each step, the policy predicts a rotation $R_t \in SO(3)$, composes actions in the transformed local frame from a set of prototypes, and maps them back to the world frame for end-to-end training, using only standard demonstrations without auxiliary supervision. This simple design induces stable emergent structure. Without explicit directional labels, the learned local frames develop a stable geometric structure whose axes are strongly compatible with demonstrated end-effector motion. Meanwhile, actions in the learned representation become substantially more compact, with variation captured by fewer dominant directions and more regularly organized by shared prototypes. These structural properties translate into improved robustness, especially under geometric perturbations. Our results suggest that adding lightweight geometric and compositional structure to the action head can materially improve how VLA policies organize and generalize robotic manipulation behavior. An anonymized code repository is provided in the supplementary material.

Learning Action Manifold with Multi-view Latent Priors for Robotic Manipulation

This paper tackles spatial perception and manipulation challenges in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models. To address depth ambiguity from monocular input, we leverage a pre-trained multi-view diffusion model to synthesize latent novel views and propose a Geometry-Guided Gated Transformer (G3T) that aligns multi-view features under 3D geometric guidance while adaptively filtering occlusion noise. To improve action learning efficiency, we introduce Action Manifold Learning (AML), which directly predicts actions on the valid action manifold, bypassing inefficient regression of unstructured targets like noise or velocity. Experiments on LIBERO, RoboTwin 2.0, and real-robot tasks show our method achieves superior success rate and robustness over SOTA baselines. Project page: https://junjxiao.github.io/Multi-view-VLA.github.io/.

ALAM: Algebraically Consistent Latent Transitions for Vision-Language-Action Models

Vision-language-action (VLA) models remain constrained by the scarcity of action-labeled robot data, whereas action-free videos provide abundant evidence of how the physical world changes. Latent action models offer a promising way to extract such priors from videos, but reconstruction-trained latent codes are not necessarily suitable for policy generation: they may predict future observations while lacking the structure needed to be reused or generated coherently with robot actions. We introduce ALAM (Algebraic Latent Action Model), an Algebraically Consistent Latent Action Model that turns temporal relations in action-free video into structural supervision. Given frame triplets, ALAM learns latent transitions that are grounded by reconstruction while being regularized by composition and reversal consistency, encouraging a locally additive transition space. For downstream VLA learning, we freeze the pretrained encoder and use its latent transition sequences as auxiliary generative targets, co-generated with robot actions under a joint flow-matching objective. This couples structured latent transitions with flow-based policy generation, allowing the policy to exploit ALAM's locally consistent transition geometry without requiring latent-to-action decoding. Representation probes show that ALAM reduces additivity and reversibility errors by 25-85 times over unstructured latent-action baselines and improves long-horizon cumulative reconstruction. When transferred to VLA policies, ALAM raises the average success rate from 47.9% to 85.0% on MetaWorld MT50 and from 94.1% to 98.1% on LIBERO, with consistent gains on real-world manipulation tasks. Ablations further confirm that the strongest improvements arise from the synergy between algebraically structured latent transitions and joint flow matching.

Retrieve-then-Steer: Online Success Memory for Test-Time Adaptation of Generative VLAs

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models show strong potential for general-purpose robotic manipulation, yet their closed-loop reliability often degrades under local deployment conditions. Existing evaluations typically treat test episodes as independent zero-shot trials. However, real robots often operate repeatedly in the same or slowly changing environments, where successful executions provide environment-verified evidence of reliable behavior patterns. We study this persistent-deployment setting, asking whether a partially competent frozen VLA can improve its reliability by reusing its successful test-time experience. We propose an online success-memory guided test-time adaptation framework for generative VLAs. During deployment, the robot stores progress-calibrated successful observation-action segments in a long-term memory. At inference, it retrieves state-relevant action chunks, filters inconsistent candidates via trajectory-level consistency, and aggregates them into an elite action prior. To incorporate this prior into action generation, we introduce confidence-adaptive prior guidance, which injects the elite prior into an intermediate state of the flow-matching action sampler and adjusts the guidance strength based on retrieval confidence. This design allows the frozen VLA to exploit environment-specific successful experience while preserving observation-conditioned generative refinement. This retrieve-then-steer mechanism enables lightweight, non-parametric test-time adaptation without requiring parameter updates. Simulation and real-world experiments show improved task success and closed-loop stability, especially in long-horizon and multi-stage tasks.

Continuous Expert Assembly: Instance-Conditioned Low-Rank Residuals for All-in-One Image Restoration

Real-world image degradation is often unknown, spatially non-uniform, and compositional, requiring all-in-one restoration models to adapt a single set of weights to diverse local corruption patterns without test-time degradation labels. Existing methods typically modulate a shared backbone with global prompts or degradation descriptors, or route features through predefined expert pools. However, compact global conditioning can bottleneck localized degradation evidence, while static expert routing may produce homogeneous updates or rely on unstable sparse assignments. We propose \textbf{Continuous Expert Assembly} (CEA), a token-wise dynamic parameterization framework for all-in-one image restoration. CEA employs a lightweight \textbf{Cross-Attention Hyper-Adapter} to probe intermediate spatial features and synthesize instance-conditioned low-rank routing bases and residual directions. Each spatial token then assembles its own residual update via dense signed dot-product affinities over the generated rank-wise components, avoiding external prompts, static expert banks, and discrete Top- selection. The resulting assembly rule also admits a linear-attention perspective, making its dense token-wise routing behavior transparent. Experiments on AIO-3, AIO-5, and CDD-11 show that CEA improves average restoration quality over strong prompt-, descriptor-, and expert-based baselines, with the clearest gains on spatially varying and compositional degradations, while maintaining favorable parameter, FLOP, and runtime efficiency.

ABot-Claw: A Foundation for Persistent, Cooperative, and Self-Evolving Robotic Agents

Current embodied intelligent systems still face a substantial gap between high-level reasoning and low-level physical execution in open-world environments. Although Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models provide strong perception and intuitive responses, their open-loop nature limits long-horizon performance. Agents incorporating System 2 cognitive mechanisms improve planning, but usually operate in closed sandboxes with predefined toolkits and limited real-system control. OpenClaw provides a localized runtime with full system privileges, but lacks the embodied control architecture required for long-duration, multi-robot execution. We therefore propose ABot-Claw, an embodied extension of OpenClaw that integrates: 1) a unified embodiment interface with capability-driven scheduling for heterogeneous robot coordination; 2) a visual-centric cross-embodiment multimodal memory for persistent context retention and grounded retrieval; and 3) a critic-based closed-loop feedback mechanism with a generalist reward model for online progress evaluation, local correction, and replanning. With a decoupled architecture spanning the OpenClaw layer, shared service layer, and robot embodiment layer, ABot-Claw enables real-world interaction, closes the loop from natural language intent to physical action, and supports progressively self-evolving robotic agents in open, dynamic environments.

ABot-PhysWorld: Interactive World Foundation Model for Robotic Manipulation with Physics Alignment

Video-based world models offer a powerful paradigm for embodied simulation and planning, yet state-of-the-art models often generate physically implausible manipulations - such as object penetration and anti-gravity motion - due to training on generic visual data and likelihood-based objectives that ignore physical laws. We present ABot-PhysWorld, a 14B Diffusion Transformer model that generates visually realistic, physically plausible, and action-controllable videos. Built on a curated dataset of three million manipulation clips with physics-aware annotation, it uses a novel DPO-based post-training framework with decoupled discriminators to suppress unphysical behaviors while preserving visual quality. A parallel context block enables precise spatial action injection for cross-embodiment control. To better evaluate generalization, we introduce EZSbench, the first training-independent embodied zero-shot benchmark combining real and synthetic unseen robot-task-scene combinations. It employs a decoupled protocol to separately assess physical realism and action alignment. ABot-PhysWorld achieves new state-of-the-art performance on PBench and EZSbench, surpassing Veo 3.1 and Sora v2 Pro in physical plausibility and trajectory consistency. We will release EZSbench to promote standardized evaluation in embodied video generation.

HumanOmni-Speaker: Identifying Who said What and When

While Omni-modal Large Language Models have made strides in joint sensory processing, they fundamentally struggle with a cornerstone of human interaction: deciphering complex, multi-person conversational dynamics to accurately answer ``Who said what and when.'' Current models suffer from an ``illusion of competence'' -- they exploit visual biases in conventional benchmarks to bypass genuine cross-modal alignment, while relying on sparse, low-frame-rate visual sampling that destroys crucial high-frequency dynamics like lip movements. To shatter this illusion, we introduce Visual-Registered Speaker Diarization and Recognition (VR-SDR) and the HumanOmni-Speaker Benchmark. By strictly eliminating visual shortcuts, this rigorous paradigm demands true end-to-end spatio-temporal identity binding using only natural language queries. To overcome the underlying architectural perception gap, we propose HumanOmni-Speaker, powered by a Visual Delta Encoder. By sampling raw video at 25 fps and explicitly compressing inter-frame motion residuals into just 6 tokens per frame, it captures fine-grained visemes and speaker trajectories without triggering a catastrophic token explosion. Ultimately, HumanOmni-Speaker demonstrates strong multimodal synergy, natively enabling end-to-end lip-reading and high-precision spatial localization without intrusive cropping, and achieving superior performance across a wide spectrum of speaker-centric tasks.