On The Effective Rate and Error Rate Analysis over Fluctuating Nakagami-m Fading Channel

This paper provides a detailed analysis of the important performance metrics like effective capacity and symbol error rate over fluctuating Nakagami-m fading channel. This distribution is obtained from the ratio of two random variables, following the Nakagami-m distribution and the uniform distribution. Our study derives exact analytical expressions for the EC and SER under different modulation schemes, considering the effect of channel parameters. Recognising the importance of additive Laplacian noise in today scenario, it has been considered for the error performance analysis of the system. This work may be utilised for the design and optimization of the systems operating in environments characterized by fluctuating Nakagami-m fading.

On the Effective throughput of Shadowed Beaulieu-Xie fading channel

Given the imperative for advanced wireless networks in the next generation and the rise of real-time applications within wireless communication, there is a notable focus on investigating data rate performance across various fading scenarios. This research delved into analyzing the effective throughput of the shadowed Beaulieu-Xie (SBX) composite fading channel using the PDF-based approach. To get the simplified relationship between the performance parameter and channel parameters, the low-SNR and the high-SNR approximation of the effective rate are also provided. The proposed formulations are evaluated for different values of system parameters to study their impact on the effective throughput. Also, the impact of the delay parameter on the EC is investigated. Monte-Carlo simulations are used to verify the facticity of the deduced equations.

Automated Real Time Delineation of Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus in Neck Ultrasonography Videos: A Deep Learning Approach

Peripheral nerve blocks are crucial to treatment of post-surgical pain and are associated with reduction in perioperative opioid use and hospital stay. Accurate interpretation of sono-anatomy is critical for the success of ultrasound (US) guided peripheral nerve blocks and can be challenging to the new operators. This prospective study enrolled 227 subjects who were systematically scanned for supraclavicular and interscalene brachial plexus in various settings using three different US machines to create a dataset of 227 unique videos. In total, 41,000 video frames were annotated by experienced anaesthesiologists using partial automation with object tracking and active contour algorithms. Four baseline neural network models were trained on the dataset and their performance was evaluated for object detection and segmentation tasks. Generalizability of the best suited model was then tested on the datasets constructed from separate US scanners with and without fine-tuning. The results demonstrate that deep learning models can be leveraged for real time segmentation of supraclavicular brachial plexus in neck ultrasonography videos with high accuracy and reliability. Model was also tested for its ability to differentiate between supraclavicular and adjoining interscalene brachial plexus. The entire dataset has been released publicly for further study by the research community.

The Brain Tumor Segmentation (BraTS-METS) Challenge 2023: Brain Metastasis Segmentation on Pre-treatment MRI

Clinical monitoring of metastatic disease to the brain can be a laborious and time-consuming process, especially in cases involving multiple metastases when the assessment is performed manually. The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Brain Metastases (RANO-BM) guideline, which utilizes the unidimensional longest diameter, is commonly used in clinical and research settings to evaluate response to therapy in patients with brain metastases. However, accurate volumetric assessment of the lesion and surrounding peri-lesional edema holds significant importance in clinical decision-making and can greatly enhance outcome prediction. The unique challenge in performing segmentations of brain metastases lies in their common occurrence as small lesions. Detection and segmentation of lesions that are smaller than 10 mm in size has not demonstrated high accuracy in prior publications. The brain metastases challenge sets itself apart from previously conducted MICCAI challenges on glioma segmentation due to the significant variability in lesion size. Unlike gliomas, which tend to be larger on presentation scans, brain metastases exhibit a wide range of sizes and tend to include small lesions. We hope that the BraTS-METS dataset and challenge will advance the field of automated brain metastasis detection and segmentation.

Joint Modelling of Cyber Activities and Physical Context to Improve Prediction of Visitor Behaviors

This paper investigates the Cyber-Physical behavior of users in a large indoor shopping mall by leveraging anonymized (opt in) Wi-Fi association and browsing logs recorded by the mall operators. Our analysis shows that many users exhibit a high correlation between their cyber activities and their physical context. To find this correlation, we propose a mechanism to semantically label a physical space with rich categorical information from DBPedia concepts and compute a contextual similarity that represents a user's activities with the mall context. We demonstrate the application of cyber-physical contextual similarity in two situations: user visit intent classification and future location prediction. The experimental results demonstrate that exploitation of contextual similarity significantly improves the accuracy of such applications.