CountMamba: Exploring Multi-directional Selective State-Space Models for Plant Counting

Plant counting is essential in every stage of agriculture, including seed breeding, germination, cultivation, fertilization, pollination yield estimation, and harvesting. Inspired by the fact that humans count objects in high-resolution images by sequential scanning, we explore the potential of handling plant counting tasks via state space models (SSMs) for generating counting results. In this paper, we propose a new counting approach named CountMamba that constructs multiple counting experts to scan from various directions simultaneously. Specifically, we design a Multi-directional State-Space Group to process the image patch sequences in multiple orders and aim to simulate different counting experts. We also design Global-Local Adaptive Fusion to adaptively aggregate global features extracted from multiple directions and local features extracted from the CNN branch in a sample-wise manner. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed CountMamba performs competitively on various plant counting tasks, including maize tassels, wheat ears, and sorghum head counting.

Firzen: Firing Strict Cold-Start Items with Frozen Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Graphs for Recommendation

Recommendation models utilizing unique identities (IDs) to represent distinct users and items have dominated the recommender systems literature for over a decade. Since multi-modal content of items (e.g., texts and images) and knowledge graphs (KGs) may reflect the interaction-related users' preferences and items' characteristics, they have been utilized as useful side information to further improve the recommendation quality. However, the success of such methods often limits to either warm-start or strict cold-start item recommendation in which some items neither appear in the training data nor have any interactions in the test stage: (1) Some fail to learn the embedding of a strict cold-start item since side information is only utilized to enhance the warm-start ID representations; (2) The others deteriorate the performance of warm-start recommendation since unrelated multi-modal content or entities in KGs may blur the final representations. In this paper, we propose a unified framework incorporating multi-modal content of items and KGs to effectively solve both strict cold-start and warm-start recommendation termed Firzen, which extracts the user-item collaborative information over frozen heterogeneous graph (collaborative knowledge graph), and exploits the item-item semantic structures and user-user behavioral association over frozen homogeneous graphs (item-item relation graph and user-user co-occurrence graph). Furthermore, we build four unified strict cold-start evaluation benchmarks based on publicly available Amazon datasets and a real-world industrial dataset from Weixin Channels via rearranging the interaction data and constructing KGs. Extensive empirical results demonstrate that our model yields significant improvements for strict cold-start recommendation and outperforms or matches the state-of-the-art performance in the warm-start scenario.

Learning Unified Representations for Multi-Resolution Face Recognition

In this work, we propose Branch-to-Trunk network (BTNet), a representation learning method for multi-resolution face recognition. It consists of a trunk network (TNet), namely a unified encoder, and multiple branch networks (BNets), namely resolution adapters. As per the input, a resolution-specific BNet is used and the output are implanted as feature maps in the feature pyramid of TNet, at a layer with the same resolution. The discriminability of tiny faces is significantly improved, as the interpolation error introduced by rescaling, especially up-sampling, is mitigated on the inputs. With branch distillation and backward-compatible training, BTNet transfers discriminative high-resolution information to multiple branches while guaranteeing representation compatibility. Our experiments demonstrate strong performance on face recognition benchmarks, both for multi-resolution identity matching and feature aggregation, with much less computation amount and parameter storage. We establish new state-of-the-art on the challenging QMUL-SurvFace 1: N face identification task. Our code is available at https://github.com/StevenSmith2000/BTNet.