Neural Architectural Nonlinear Pre-Processing for mmWave Radar-based Human Gesture Perception

In modern on-driving computing environments, many sensors are used for context-aware applications. This paper utilizes two deep learning models, U-Net and EfficientNet, which consist of a convolutional neural network (CNN), to detect hand gestures and remove noise in the Range Doppler Map image that was measured through a millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar. To improve the performance of classification, accurate pre-processing algorithms are essential. Therefore, a novel pre-processing approach to denoise images before entering the first deep learning model stage increases the accuracy of classification. Thus, this paper proposes a deep neural network based high-performance nonlinear pre-processing method.

Scalable Traffic Signal Controls using Fog-Cloud Based Multiagent Reinforcement Learning

Optimizing traffic signal control (TSC) at intersections continues to pose a challenging problem, particularly for large-scale traffic networks. It has been shown in past research that it is feasible to optimize the operations of individual TSC systems or a small number of such systems. However, it has been computationally difficult to scale these solution approaches to large networks partly due to the curse of dimensionality that is encountered as the number of intersections increases. Fortunately, recent studies have recognized the potential of exploiting advancements in deep and reinforcement learning to address this problem, and some preliminary successes have been achieved in this regard. However, facilitating such intelligent solution approaches may require large amounts of infrastructural investments such as roadside units (RSUs) and drones in order to ensure thorough connectivity across all intersections in large networks, an investment that may be burdensome for agencies to undertake. As such, this study builds on recent work to present a scalable TSC model that may reduce the number of required enabling infrastructure. This is achieved using graph attention networks (GATs) to serve as the neural network for deep reinforcement learning, which aids in maintaining the graph topology of the traffic network while disregarding any irrelevant or unnecessary information. A case study is carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model, and the results show much promise. The overall research outcome suggests that by decomposing large networks using fog-nodes, the proposed fog-based graphic RL (FG-RL) model can be easily applied to scale into larger traffic networks.