PGCS: Physical Law embedded Generative Cloud Synthesis in Remote Sensing Images

Data quantity and quality are both critical for information extraction and analyzation in remote sensing. However, the current remote sensing datasets often fail to meet these two requirements, for which cloud is a primary factor degrading the data quantity and quality. This limitation affects the precision of results in remote sensing application, particularly those derived from data-driven techniques. In this paper, a physical law embedded generative cloud synthesis method (PGCS) is proposed to generate diverse realistic cloud images to enhance real data and promote the development of algorithms for subsequent tasks, such as cloud correction, cloud detection, and data augmentation for classification, recognition, and segmentation. The PGCS method involves two key phases: spatial synthesis and spectral synthesis. In the spatial synthesis phase, a style-based generative adversarial network is utilized to simulate the spatial characteristics, generating an infinite number of single-channel clouds. In the spectral synthesis phase, the atmospheric scattering law is embedded through a local statistics and global fitting method, converting the single-channel clouds into multi-spectral clouds. The experimental results demonstrate that PGCS achieves a high accuracy in both phases and performs better than three other existing cloud synthesis methods. Two cloud correction methods are developed from PGCS and exhibits a superior performance compared to state-of-the-art methods in the cloud correction task. Furthermore, the application of PGCS with data from various sensors was investigated and successfully extended. Code will be provided at https://github.com/Liying-Xu/PGCS.

Double-Shot 3D Shape Measurement with a Dual-Branch Network

The structured light (SL)-based 3D measurement techniques with deep learning have been widely studied, among which speckle projection profilometry (SPP) and fringe projection profilometry (FPP) are two popular methods. However, they generally use a single projection pattern for reconstruction, resulting in fringe order ambiguity or poor reconstruction accuracy. To alleviate these problems, we propose a parallel dual-branch Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-Transformer network (PDCNet), to take advantage of convolutional operations and self-attention mechanisms for processing different SL modalities. Within PDCNet, a Transformer branch is used to capture global perception in the fringe images, while a CNN branch is designed to collect local details in the speckle images. To fully integrate complementary features, we design a double-stream attention aggregation module (DAAM) that consist of a parallel attention subnetwork for aggregating multi-scale spatial structure information. This module can dynamically retain local and global representations to the maximum extent. Moreover, an adaptive mixture density head with bimodal Gaussian distribution is proposed for learning a representation that is precise near discontinuities. Compared to the standard disparity regression strategy, this adaptive mixture head can effectively improves performance at object boundaries. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method can reduce fringe order ambiguity while producing high-accuracy results on a self-made dataset. We also show that the proposed architecture reveals the potential in infrared-visible image fusion task.