LocMoE+: Enhanced Router with Token Feature Awareness for Efficient LLM Pre-Training

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have recently gained increasing popularity within the domain of large language models (LLMs) due to their ability to significantly reduce training and inference overhead. However, MoE architectures face challenges, such as significant disparities in the number of tokens assigned to each expert and a tendency toward homogenization among experts, which adversely affects the model's semantic generation capabilities. In this paper, we introduce LocMoE+, a refined version of the low-overhead LocMoE, incorporating the following enhancements: (1) Quantification and definition of the affinity between experts and tokens. (2) Implementation of a global-level adaptive routing strategy to rearrange tokens based on their affinity scores. (3) Reestimation of the lower bound for expert capacity, which has been shown to progressively decrease as the token feature distribution evolves. Experimental results demonstrate that, without compromising model convergence or efficacy, the number of tokens each expert processes can be reduced by over 60%. Combined with communication optimizations, this leads to an average improvement in training efficiency ranging from 5.4% to 46.6%. After fine-tuning, LocMoE+ exhibits a performance improvement of 9.7% to 14.1% across the GDAD, C-Eval, and TeleQnA datasets.