Delay-Doppler Domain Pulse Design for OTFS-NOMA

We address the challenge of developing an orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS)-based non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system where each user is modulated using orthogonal pulses in the delay Doppler domain. Building upon the concept of the sufficient (bi)orthogonality train-pulse [1], we extend this idea by introducing Hermite functions, known for their orthogonality properties. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed Hermite functions outperform the traditional OTFS-NOMA schemes, including power-domain (PDM) NOMA and code-domain (CDM) NOMA, in terms of bit error rate (BER) over a high-mobility channel. The algorithm's complexity is minimal, primarily involving the demodulation of OTFS. The spectrum efficiency of Hermite-based OTFS-NOMA is K times that of OTFS-CDM-NOMA scheme, where K is the spreading length of the NOMA waveform.