A Temporal Convolutional Network-based Approach for Network Intrusion Detection

Network intrusion detection is critical for securing modern networks, yet the complexity of network traffic poses significant challenges to traditional methods. This study proposes a Temporal Convolutional Network(TCN) model featuring a residual block architecture with dilated convolutions to capture dependencies in network traffic data while ensuring training stability. The TCN's ability to process sequences in parallel enables faster, more accurate sequence modeling than Recurrent Neural Networks. Evaluated on the Edge-IIoTset dataset, which includes 15 classes with normal traffic and 14 cyberattack types, the proposed model achieved an accuracy of 96.72% and a loss of 0.0688, outperforming 1D CNN, CNN-LSTM, CNN-GRU, CNN-BiLSTM, and CNN-GRU-LSTM models. A class-wise classification report, encompassing metrics such as recall, precision, accuracy, and F1-score, demonstrated the TCN model's superior performance across varied attack categories, including Malware, Injection, and DDoS. These results underscore the model's potential in addressing the complexities of network intrusion detection effectively.

A Comparative Analysis of CNN-based Deep Learning Models for Landslide Detection

Landslides inflict substantial societal and economic damage, underscoring their global significance as recurrent and destructive natural disasters. Recent landslides in northern parts of India and Nepal have caused significant disruption, damaging infrastructure and posing threats to local communities. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), a type of deep learning technique, have shown remarkable success in image processing. Because of their sophisticated architectures, advanced CNN-based models perform better in landslide detection than conventional algorithms. The purpose of this work is to investigate CNNs' potential in more detail, with an emphasis on comparison of CNN based models for better landslide detection. We compared four traditional semantic segmentation models (U-Net, LinkNet, PSPNet, and FPN) and utilized the ResNet50 backbone encoder to implement them. Moreover, we have experimented with the hyperparameters such as learning rates, batch sizes, and regularization techniques to fine-tune the models. We have computed the confusion matrix for each model and used performance metrics including precision, recall and f1-score to evaluate and compare the deep learning models. According to the experimental results, LinkNet gave the best results among the four models having an Accuracy of 97.49% and a F1-score of 85.7% (with 84.49% precision, 87.07% recall). We have also presented a comprehensive comparison of all pixel-wise confusion matrix results and the time taken to train each model.

Predicting Lung Disease Severity via Image-Based AQI Analysis using Deep Learning Techniques

Air pollution is a significant health concern worldwide, contributing to various respiratory diseases. Advances in air quality mapping, driven by the emergence of smart cities and the proliferation of Internet-of-Things sensor devices, have led to an increase in available data, fueling momentum in air pollution forecasting. The objective of this study is to devise an integrated approach for predicting air quality using image data and subsequently assessing lung disease severity based on Air Quality Index (AQI).The aim is to implement an integrated approach by refining existing techniques to improve accuracy in predicting AQI and lung disease severity. The study aims to forecast additional atmospheric pollutants like AQI, PM10, O3, CO, SO2, NO2 in addition to PM2.5 levels. Additionally, the study aims to compare the proposed approach with existing methods to show its effectiveness. The approach used in this paper uses VGG16 model for feature extraction in images and neural network for predicting AQI.In predicting lung disease severity, Support Vector Classifier (SVC) and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithms are utilized. The neural network model for predicting AQI achieved training accuracy of 88.54 % and testing accuracy of 87.44%,which was measured using loss function, while the KNN model used for predicting lung disease severity achieved training accuracy of 98.4% and testing accuracy of 97.5% In conclusion, the integrated approach presented in this study forecasts air quality and evaluates lung disease severity, achieving high testing accuracies of 87.44% for AQI and 97.5% for lung disease severity using neural network, KNN, and SVC models. The future scope involves implementing transfer learning and advanced deep learning modules to enhance prediction capabilities. While the current study focuses on India, the objective is to expand its scope to encompass global coverage.

NegBERT: A Transfer Learning Approach for Negation Detection and Scope Resolution

Negation is an important characteristic of language, and a major component of information extraction from text. This subtask is of considerable importance to the biomedical domain. Over the years, multiple approaches have been explored to address this problem: simple rule-based systems, Machine Learning classifiers, Conditional Random Field Models, CNNs and more recently BiLSTMs. In this paper, we look at applying Transfer Learning to this problem. First, we extensively review previous literature addressing Negation Detection and Scope Resolution across the 3 datasets that have gained popularity over the years: BioScope Corpus, the Sherlock dataset, and the SFU Review Corpus. We then explore the decision choices involved with using BERT, a popular transfer learning model, for this task, and report a new state-of-the-art for scope resolution across all 3 datasets. Our model, referred to as NegBERT, achieves a token level F1 score on scope resolution of 92.36 on the Sher-lock dataset, 95.68 on the BioScope Abstracts, 91.24 on the BioScope Full Papers, 90.95 on the SFU dataset, out-performing the previous state-of-the-art by a significant margin. We also analyze the model's generalizability to datasets on which it is not trained.