Single Image Super-Resolution for Domain-Specific Ultra-Low Bandwidth Image Transmission

Low-bandwidth communication, such as underwater acoustic communication, is limited by best-case data rates of 30--50 kbit/s. This renders such channels unusable or inefficient at best for single image, video, or other bandwidth-demanding sensor-data transmission. To combat data-transmission bottlenecks, we consider practical use-cases within the maritime domain and investigate the prospect of Single Image Super-Resolution methodologies. This is investigated on a large, diverse dataset obtained during years of trawl fishing where cameras have been placed in the fishing nets. We propose down-sampling images to a low-resolution low-size version of about 1 kB that satisfies underwater acoustic bandwidth requirements for even several frames per second. A neural network is then trained to perform up-sampling, trying to reconstruct the original image. We aim to investigate the quality of reconstructed images and prospects for such methods in practical use-cases in general. Our focus in this work is solely on learning to reconstruct the high-resolution images on "real-world" data. We show that our method achieves better perceptual quality and superior reconstruction than generic bicubic up-sampling and motivates further work in this area for underwater applications.

SeaShark: Towards a Modular Multi-Purpose Man-Portable AUV

In this work, we present the SeaShark AUV: a modular, easily configurable, one-man portable micro-AUV. The SeaShark AUV is conceived as modular parts that fit around a central main tube, which holds battery and other vital parts. The head unit comprises easy exhangeable, stackable, and 360 degree rotatable payload sections to quickly obtain a suitable configuration for many objectives. We employ navigation no better than dead reckoning or relative navigation with respect to some well-known structure, and thus aim at underwater activities that do not require highly accurate geo-referenced data-points. Operating the SeaShark AUV requires only the vehicle itself and a tablet for mission planning and post-mission review. We have built several complete SeaShark systems and have begun exploring the many possibilities and use-cases in both research and commercial use. Here we present a comprehensive overview and introduction to our AUV and operation principles, and further show data examples for experimental operations for shore-to-sea bio-habitat mapping and in-harbor wall and pier inspection

Deep Learning based Segmentation of Fish in Noisy Forward Looking MBES Images

In this work, we investigate a Deep Learning (DL) approach to fish segmentation in a small dataset of noisy low-resolution images generated by a forward-looking multibeam echosounder (MBES). We build on recent advances in DL and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for semantic segmentation and demonstrate an end-to-end approach for a fish/non-fish probability prediction for all range-azimuth positions projected by an imaging sonar. We use self-collected datasets from the Danish Sound and the Faroe Islands to train and test our model and present techniques to obtain satisfying performance and generalization even with a low-volume dataset. We show that our model proves the desired performance and has learned to harness the importance of semantic context and take this into account to separate noise and non-targets from real targets. Furthermore, we present techniques to deploy models on low-cost embedded platforms to obtain higher performance fit for edge environments - where compute and power are restricted by size/cost - for testing and prototyping.