Enabling Fingerprint Presentation Attacks: Fake Fingerprint Fabrication Techniques and Recognition Performance

Fake fingerprint representation pose a severe threat for fingerprint based authentication systems. Despite advances in presentation attack detection technologies, which are often integrated directly into the fingerprint scanner devices, many fingerprint scanners are still susceptible to presentation attacks using physical fake fingerprint representation. In this work we evaluate five different commercial-off-the-shelf fingerprint scanners based on different sensing technologies, including optical, optical multispectral, passive capacitive, active capacitive and thermal regarding their susceptibility to presentation attacks using fake fingerprint representations. Several different materials to create the fake representation are tested and evaluated, including wax, cast, latex, silicone, different types of glue, window colours, modelling clay, etc. The quantitative evaluation includes assessing the fingerprint quality of the samples captured from the fake representations as well as comparison experiments where the achieved matching scores of the fake representations against the corresponding real fingerprints indicate the effectiveness of the fake representations. Our results confirmed that all except one of the tested devices are susceptible to at least one type/material of fake fingerprint representations.