Data Quality Monitoring through Transfer Learning on Anomaly Detection for the Hadron Calorimeters

The proliferation of sensors brings an immense volume of spatio-temporal (ST) data in many domains for various purposes, including monitoring, diagnostics, and prognostics applications. Data curation is a time-consuming process for a large volume of data, making it challenging and expensive to deploy data analytics platforms in new environments. Transfer learning (TL) mechanisms promise to mitigate data sparsity and model complexity by utilizing pre-trained models for a new task. Despite the triumph of TL in fields like computer vision and natural language processing, efforts on complex ST models for anomaly detection (AD) applications are limited. In this study, we present the potential of TL within the context of AD for the Hadron Calorimeter of the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment at CERN. We have transferred the ST AD models trained on data collected from one part of a calorimeter to another. We have investigated different configurations of TL on semi-supervised autoencoders of the ST AD models -- transferring convolutional, graph, and recurrent neural networks of both the encoder and decoder networks. The experiment results demonstrate that TL effectively enhances the model learning accuracy on a target subdetector. The TL achieves promising data reconstruction and AD performance while substantially reducing the trainable parameters of the AD models. It also improves robustness against anomaly contamination in the training data sets of the semi-supervised AD models.