Physiological fatigue, a state of reduced cognitive and physical performance resulting from prolonged mental or physical exertion, poses significant challenges in various domains, including healthcare, aviation, transportation, and industrial sectors. As the understanding of fatigue's impact on human performance grows, there is a growing interest in developing effective fatigue monitoring techniques. Among these techniques, electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a promising tool for objectively assessing physiological fatigue due to its non-invasiveness, high temporal resolution, and sensitivity to neural activity. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current state of the use of EEG for monitoring physiological fatigue.